Strasbourg Observers
  • Angela Hefti

The European Court of Human Rights recognises Femi(ni)cide as a Human Rights Violation: N.D. v. Switzerland 

July 16, 2025

by dr Angela Hefti Introduction In Switzerland, every two weeks a woman is killed, and women experience disproportionately high levels of domestic violence. Femi(ni)cide is not only a Latin American problem, although the term gained prominence in relation to the disappearance, rape and murders of women in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. Femicide is a systemic issue […]

  • Cathérine Van de Graaf and Beril Onder

Exploring the Court’s Reluctance to Investigate Article 14

July 15, 2025

By Cathérine Van de Graaf and Beril Onder *** To celebrate the 15th anniversary of the Strasbourg Observers Blog, we organised an in-person symposium with scholars, practitioners, and members of the ECtHR on 8–9 May 2025 in Ghent. Connecting in person with so many regular contributors was a wonderful experience and led to engaging dialogue […]

  • Anaïs Brucher

Unpacking the uses of the ‘essence of rights’ in ECtHR case law: symbol, paradox and normative statement

July 11, 2025

By Anaïs Brucher *** To celebrate the 15th anniversary of the Strasbourg Observers Blog, we organised an in-person symposium with scholars, practitioners, and members of the ECtHR on 8–9 May 2025 in Ghent. Connecting in person with so many regular contributors was a wonderful experience and led to engaging dialogue with current and former judges […]

  • Thomas Spijkerboer

Disneyland Strasbourg: S.S. and Others v. Italy

July 09, 2025

By Thomas Spijkerboer The Court’s inadmissibility decision of 12 June 2025 in S.S. and Others v. Italy is the end of a story that began 3.140 days before. 

  • Lize Glas

Placing the Guarantee of Non-Repetition at the Heart of the Strasbourg Case-Law

July 08, 2025

By Lize Glas 1. Central argument Some seventy percent of the cases pending before the Committee of Ministers (CM) are repetitive. These cases are caused by the same structural problem as other cases already pending execution. The number of applications assigned to a judicial formation of the Court tells a similar story: about eighty percent […]

  • Moritz Baumgärtel

Why the European Court of Human Rights Should Adopt an Animus-Based Approach to Xenophobic Discrimination

July 04, 2025

by Moritz Baumgärtel NB: An extended version of this blog post will be published in the edited volume Race, Racism and the European Convention on Human Rights, edited by Vandita Khanna and Kirsty Hughes (Hart Publishing, forthcoming) *** To celebrate the 15th anniversary of the Strasbourg Observers Blog, we organised an in-person symposium with scholars, […]

  • Lorena Sosa

From institutionalisation to exploitation: structural failures and stereotyping in I.C. v. The Republic of Moldova

July 02, 2025

By Lorena Sosa The case of I.C. v. The Republic of Moldova intersects with two strands of ECtHR jurisprudence: (1) the Court’s developing understanding of sexual violence, rape and sexual exploitation, and (2) its evolving anti-stereotyping framework, particularly regarding persons with disabilities. Against the backdrop of landmark rulings, this judgment further enriches the Court’s often […]

  • Marialena Tsirli

Developing and maintaining a Court that matters / Une Cour qui compte

July 01, 2025

Dr. Marialena Tsirli *** A note from the team: To celebrate the 15th anniversary of the Strasbourg Observers Blog, we organised an in-person symposium with scholars, practitioners, and members of the ECtHR on 8–9 May 2025 in Ghent. Connecting in person with so many regular contributors was a wonderful experience and led to engaging dialogue […]

  • Babette De Naeyer

Avagyan v. Russia: Strasbourg’s Appetizer on Online Disinformation

June 27, 2025

By Babette De NaeyerAnd so it begins: online disinformation measures have reached Strasbourg. A lot has already been written about the threats of, and possible regulatory responses to the current ‘infodemic’ and the broader challenges mis- and disinformation pose to our communication landscape. Concerns about how malicious actors exploit social media algorithms to spread so-called […]

  • Harriet Ní Chinnéide

Procedural and substantive deference: the Court’s assessment of a blanket ban on prisoners receiving internet printouts and photocopies in Tergek v. Türkiye

June 24, 2025

by Harriet Ní Chinnéide Introduction Tergek v. Türkiye concerned a blanket ban on prisoners receiving any internet printouts or photocopied documents, based solely on their format. The Court found that the ban constituted a proportionate restriction on the applicant’s right to receive information under Article 10 ECHR largely because reviewing a large volume of printed […]

  • Eloïse Ward

Ships Waste Oil Collector B.V. and Others v Netherlands – Article 34 and the margin of appreciation: companies as rights-holders under Article 8

June 20, 2025

Eloïse Ward In Ships Waste Oil Collector B.V. and Others v Netherlands, the applicant companies alleged that the transmission of data intercepted during criminal investigations to the Competition Authority violated their rights to private life under Article 8. The substance of this case raises important questions about what safeguards against arbitrariness are adequate when data […]

  • Harriet Ní Chinnéide and Eva Sevrin

Restoring Balance: A Critical Response to the Open Letter on Migration and Human Rights

June 17, 2025

By Harriet Ní Chinnéide and Eva Sevrin On 22 May 2025, a coalition of nine European states, spearheaded by Denmark and Italy, issued an open letter calling for a shift in the European Court of Human Rights’ (ECtHR) interpretative approach in the field of migration and in cases concerning ‘irregular migration’ and the expulsion of […]

  • Jernej Letnar Černič

Bank Recapitalisation, Investor Losses, and Access to Effective Remedies: Inadmissibility Decision in Kotnik and Jukič v. Slovenia 

June 13, 2025

By Jernej Letnar Černič The global financial crisis from 2008 to 2014 led to several bank bankruptcies worldwide and pushed many others to the brink of collapse. The crisis was exacerbated by the mismanagement of bank funds, as banks in many European countries, such as Iceland, Slovenia, and Spain, among others, approved loans without sufficient […]

  • Dr. Katarzyna Sękowska-Kozłowska

X v. Cyprus: a Case of Gang Rape, Victim-Blaming, and Retracted Accusations

June 10, 2025

By Dr. Katarzyna Sękowska-Kozłowska The judgment in X v. Cyprus of 27 February 2025 marks a significant contribution to the European Court of Human Rights’ developing anti-stereotyping approach in cases of sexual violence. While building on its earlier judgments, particularly J.L. v. Italy (commented on here), which exposed victim-blaming stereotypes and re-victimisation, it brings added […]

  • Igor Mirzakhanyan

A Defining Test for Strasbourg. Legal and Procedural Dilemmas of Interstate Withdrawal Before the European Court of Human Rights

June 06, 2025

by Igor Mirzakhanyan In an unprecedented development before the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), both Armenia and Azerbaijan have expressed their intention to withdraw all pending interstate applications submitted against each other. As part of their ongoing peace negotiations following the 2020-2023 hostilities, the two countries have reportedly committed not only to discontinuing their […]

  • Gunay Ismayilova

Hasani v. Sweden: A Narrow View of Risk with Broad Consequences

June 03, 2025

by Gunay Ismayilova Introduction On 6 March 2025, the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter, the Court) delivered its judgment in Hasani v. Sweden, addressing the State’s positive obligations under Article 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights to protect individuals when the risk to a person derives from self-harm. Although the Court ultimately […]

  • Betül Durmuş

The Russian ‘Anti-Gay Propaganda Law’ Going Online: Klimova and Others v. Russia as a Mixed Picture

May 30, 2025

by Dr. Betül Durmuş Introduction Over the summer, Bulgaria and Georgia adopted their own ‘anti-gay propaganda laws’ prohibiting dissemination of information concerning sexual orientation or gender identity, under the guise of protecting children. And, on 19 November 2024, the Court of Justice of the European Union held a hearing on the infringement proceedings against Hungary’s […]

  • Alain Zysset

An Anxious-Avoidant Court: Adjudicating Democratic Infrastructure in Călin Georgescu v. Romania

May 27, 2025

By Alain Zysset The key feature of an anxious-avoidant attachment style is the ambivalence between seeking connection and seeking withdrawal. This can lead to inconsistent behaviours towards partners, displaying excessive closeness one time and abruptly retreating from the relationship the next time. There are analogous traits of an anxious-avoidant attachment style in the Court’s reasoning […]

  • Lorenzo Acconciamessa

The Presumption of Effectiveness of Domestic Remedies in Mansouri v. Italy. How Far Can Subsidiarity Go in This Field?

May 23, 2025

By Lorenzo Acconciamessa On 29 April 2025 the Grand Chamber issued its ruling in the case of Mansouri v. Italy, which concerned the lawfulness and conditions of an alien’s confinement on board a private ship, used to return him to his country of departure on the basis of a refusal-of-entry order. As regards the applicant’s […]

  • Hanim Schnabel

P. v. Poland: Protecting teachers’ online free speech, overlooking homophobic prejudice

May 20, 2025

By Hanim Schnabel In P v. Poland, the ECtHR ruled by 4 votes to 3 that the dismissal of a homosexual secondary school teacher for, inter alia, writing a blog for adults with some sexually explicit content violated Article 10 of the Convention. Without taking a stance on whether the dismissal actually pursued a legitimate […]

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